Furnace



April 26,1927.

G C. \NEIDEMAN FURNACE Filed June 18, 1924 Patented Apr. 26, 1927.

' UNITED STATES GEORGE C. WEIDEMAN,

PAT

O15 CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASS IGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO THOMAS; '3. SMITH, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

' FURNACE.

Application filed June 18, 1924. Serial No. 720,717.

This invention relates to furnaces and has particular reference to a. furnace for heating dwelling houses.

The-primary object of the present invention is to provide a particularly eflicient furnace which shall utilize a relatively high percentage of'the heat units developed in the combustion chamber.

Another object is to provide a furnace which shall be simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture and which may be easily and quickly cleaned.

A still further object is to provide a furnace of the aforesaid character which shall present, a particularly neat appearance and which shall occupy a relatively small floor space.

' "With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the various novel features of construction and arrangement or combination, all of which will be fully described hereinafter and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing accompanying and forming part of this application, Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on' the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view corresponding to the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Describing the various parts by reference characters 1 and 2 denote upper and lower base rin s which may be in the form of castings. Each ring is provided with vertically extending circumferential flanges 3 and 4 which .are arranged in spaced relation.v

Flanges 3 are adapted to receive a sheet metal cylinder 5 which encloses a space that serves as the fresh air distributing chamber 6, and

. flanges 4 are also adapted to receive a sheet ,metal cylinder 7 which together with cylinder 5 defines a circular ring shaped chamber 8 which I shall term the smoke ring chamber. The upper base ring 1 is also provided with an upwardly extending circumferential flange 9 and an inwardly directed circumferential shelf 10. The shelf 10 is adapted to receive and support a circular sheet metal plate 11 which closes the top of the fresh air distributing chamber 6. This plate is provided with a plurality of apertures arranged in circular form and each aperture receives a fresh air pipe 13 which extends upwardly through a suitable aperture formed in an upper plate 14. A wall of heavy asbestos 16 is disposed about the pipes 13 so as to form an enlarged cylinder as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and in fact this cylinder defines the combustion. chamber 17 of the furnace. cylinder 18 is engaged over flange 9 in the upper base ring and this cylinder merely serves as a protective housing for .the furnace and as an enclosure therefor. An open ing 19 is formed in this outer cylinder, about manner. a

The fresh air pipe designated '13 immediately in front of the fire door opening 19 extends downwardly only as far as the A sheet metal which is fastened a fire ,door 20 .in the usual top of door opening as shown in Figs. 1 v

and 3 so as to provide ready access .to the interior of the combustion chamber. The bottom of pipe 13 is closed by a cap 21 and this pipe is tapped into the adjacent fresh air pipes 3 by suitablehorizontally disposed pipes 22. I

A top ring 23 which may be a casting is provided with a horizontal and outwardly projecting circumferential shelf 24 and a similar but inwardly projecting shelf 25. The rin is supported by the shelf 24 resting on t e top edge of the enclosing cylinder 18 and projecting downwardly inside of the cylinder where it may be fastened by bolts (not shown) or in anyother suitable manner. 'The inner shelf 25 en ages the upper plate 14 and may alsobe fastened thereto if desired." The plate 14 is formed with an upwardly extending cylinder 26 which lies within the circle defined by the fresh air pipes 13,and the top of this cylinder is closed by a sheet metal cap 27. A hood 28 is applied to the top ofthe ring 23 and forms an enclosure29 which serves as the hot air distributing chamber and from which suitable distributing pipes 30 lead Cylinder 26 is provided with a circumferential series of'apertures, into each of which projects one end of an elbow'32. The opposite end'of each of these elbows is connected to a pipe 33 which is'arranged centrally within a fresh air pipe 13, and the lower ends of pipes 33 are each connected-to an elbow 34-which extends through cylinder 5 and into the smoke ring chamber 8. The smoke ring chamber is provided with a suitable outlet pipe 35 which is adapted to connect with a chimney 36. A second can;

its

nection with thechimney is also provided by means of a pipe 37 whichconnects with the top of cylinder 26 and this pipe is preferably proyidedwith a damper 33 .so that it may be closed under normal operating conditions of the furnace as will be explained hereinafter.

In the present instance I have indicated an oil burner as the source of heat, this heats the combustion chamber 17 and the burner consisting essentially of a motor driven fan 40 which delivers. oil'and air in .an-atomized'condition to the burner bowl 41. This feature of my furnace forms no partof the present invention and a detailed description thereof is deemed unnecessary.

It will of course be understood that any suitable burner, for oil or gas could be used or/even a grate substituted therefor so as to enable the use of cool or other solid fuel.

In operation, the burner is lighted which exterior surfaces of pipes 13 and 13 If the chimney has a poor draft, damper 38 may be opened to startthe draft up the chimney, after which this damper is closed. The heat and products of combustion pass upwardly intochamber-26, then through elbows 32 and downwardly through pipes 33 and elbows 34 ucy 36. combustion heats the sheet metal cylinder into the smoke ring 8, from whence they pass through discharge pipe 35 to the chim- This passage of the products of 26 and elbows 32 which in turn impart their heat. tothe distributing chamber 29. Also pipes 33 become heated and impart their heat to the interior of fresh air pipes 13.

The elbows 34 being disposed within the fresh air chamber, and the smoke ring 8 encircling this chamber, impart their. heat thereto before the products of combustlon escape up the chimney 36. Meanwhile the heating of these various parts has caused a draft of fresh air to be drawn through inlet opening into the fresh air chamber 6. The fresh air 1s warmed 1n this chamber by contact? with elbows 34 and sheet metal cylinder 5. This warm air then flows upwardly through pipes 13 and also through horizontal pipes 21' and thence upwardly through pipe 13 During this upward flow, the previously warmed fresh air is now heated to a high degree due to its contact with the hot surfaces of pipes 13 and13 and also with the hot surfaces of the combustion pipes 33 arrangedwithin pipes 13. Itis thus evident that the fresh air is heated by two different sources of heat. The heated fresh air rises to the distributing chamber 29, where it also receives heat from the cylinder 26, cover-plate 27 and elbows 32. From the distributlng chamber the heated air is led tothe rooms to be heated b pipes 30;

If desired, the furnace may be spaced a suitable distance from the chimney 36 so thatthe horizontal pipe which connects outletv35 with the chimney might be enclosed by a suitable housing which would serve as a clothes drier, theheat for this .drierbeing supplied .by the aforementioned horizontal section of the flue pipe.

Vith a furnace constructed in accord- I ance with my invention, a huge percentage of the heat which-ordinarily escapes unused to the chimney. is utilized by conducting it through the pipes 33 and into thesmoke ring chamber 8. In actual operation, the discharge pipe 35 remains sufficiently cool to place the hand thereon. If, however, the

damper 38 is opened so that the furnace functions as the usual type, the pipe 37 becomes so hot that it cannot be touched. This clearly demonstrates that the ordinary furnace wastesa high percentage of the heat while this heat "which is ordinarily lost is" utilized by my improved form of construc tion.

The furnace is easily dismantled for cleaning by removing the hood 23 and cover plate 27. A brush may then be inserted through the combustion pipes 33 to clean the soot therefrom.

While I have shown and described a furnaceof the warm air type,- it is obvious that the same principle eould'be usedequally well for steam, hot wateror other fluid types of furnaces.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A furnace of the character set forth comprising a combustion chamber including a plurality of conduits each adapted to conduct a fluid to be heated, the upperends-of said conduits being connected with :a distributing chamber and the lower ends therei heating the exterior of said conduits.

'2. A furnace of the-character set forth comprising a combustion chamber including a plurality of conduits each adapted to conduct a fiuid 'to be heated, a wall of heat insulating. material surrounding said conduits, a distributing chamber arranged within the upper portion of said combustion chamber, the upper ends of said conduits being connected'with said distributing chamher and the lower ends thereof being connected with a fluid supply chamber, a disthe interior of said conduits and means for charge chamber adjacent said supply chamber and having an outlet therein, means for heating said combustion chamber and the exterior of said conduits, means communieating with said distributing chamber at one end and with said discharge chamber at the other end for conveying the products of combustion from said distributing chamber downwardly through said conduits and into said discharge chamber whereby to provide additional heat for the fluid to be heated.

3. A furnace of the character set forth comprising a pair of substantially annular concentric sheet metal cylinders arran ed in. spaced relation, the smaller of said cy inders defining a fluid supply chamber and the larger of said cylinders defining a discharge chamber, a plurality of conduits connected with said supply chamber and extending upardly, said conduits being arranged in annular formation to enclose an area of 360 and having a heat insulating wall surroundcharge chamber, means for supplying heat to said combustion chamber and a hood fitted over the upper end of said conduits and defining a distributing chamber.

4. A furnace of the character described comprising a hollow base divided into a fluid supply chamber and a discharge chamber, a

combustion chamber carried by said baseand' her at their upper ends and extending downwardly through said conduits respectively and connected at their lower ends with said discharge chamber whereby to heat the interior of said conduits and means for heating the exterior of said conduits.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

GEORGE G. WEIDEMAN. 

